A Survey of 3G
Technologies; Vital Tool in National Mobile Telecommunication (NMT) Development
Agbaraji C. Emmanuel and
Aririguzo I. Marvis
Department
of Electronic and Computer Engineering,
Nnamdi
Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Today, almost all fields of human activities rely on
the high-speed broadband technologies for their day-to-day activities. The
banks for example, are making plans to implement better and more sophisticated
services such as cashless banking and other e-transactions as part of the NMT
development goals. The 3G network coverage has become a problem in most rural
and parts of the urban cities in Nigeria. However, the national mobile
telecommunication development goals cannot be achieved without addressing the
issue of 3G coverage in the country. The objective of this paper is to
investigate the 3G technologies, their applications and the situation in developing
nations especially Nigeria. The NMT development was reported to lag behind in
the global telecommunication development and 2G networks are still more prevalent
in most areas than 3G networks. It was concluded that the full deployment and
coverage of 3G network will enhance the success of the NMT goals.
KEYWORDS: 3G, Broadband, CDMA, EDGE, GSM, HSPA, ICT, LTE, Mobile
Telecommunication, UMTS.
I.
Introduction
Information and Communication
Technology uptake has continued to grow worldwide [1], with 3G technology [2] as
the key or the major driving force towards this achievement and growth. Mobile Broadband is an exciting new
technology that allows connection to the Internet without the usual ADSL router
and telephone line setup. Using the connection is not limited in the house - as
the name suggests it allows connection while mobile as it uses wireless
technology, so that the Internet and e-mail can be accessed anywhere (as long
as the 3G signal is available). Therefore the usage of the 3G service depends
on the availability of the 3G signal in an area.
3G is a term used to represent the third generation of mobile telecommunications
technology [2; 3]. This is a set of standards used for mobile devices
and mobile telecommunication services and networks that comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000
(IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union
[3]. 3G finds application in
wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet
access, video calls and mobile TV [4]. Several telecommunication companies
market wireless mobile Internet services as 3G, indicating that the advertised service is provided over a 3G
wireless network. Services advertised as 3G are required to meet IMT-2000
technical standards, including standards for reliability and speed (data
transfer rates). To meet the IMT-2000 standards, a system is required to
provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s (about 0.2 Mbit/s) [4]. Recent
3G releases often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access
of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers. There
are standards that are typically branded 3G which will be extensively used in
this work which include UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) and
CDMA2000 (Code Division Multiple Access-2000).
A SURVEY OF 3G TECHNOLOGIES; VITAL TOOL IN NATIONAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION (NMT) DEVELOPMENT from P Singh Ijaet
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